Thanks for the reference, is not available because it is a for profit article. Found the PhD Thesis available on the web. I will take a look at it latter as we just got awarded a new job. I also found on the web a presentation in Chinese or Vietnamese but the few English words got me interested.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Fri, 2010-04-02 07:46
Now the Dynamics factor comes in. Not at the right time of Scheduling, but this is a start. With the help of google:
"
FLORA: New Forensic Schedule Analysis Technique
by Long D. Nguyen, Ph.D., (Constr. Consultant, Jax Kneppers Assoc., Inc., Walnut Creek, CA 94598. E-mail: long@jaxkneppers.com) and William Ibbs, (Prof. of Constr. Mgmt., Dept. of Civ. and Envir. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; presently, Pres., The Ibbs Consulting Group, Inc., 5932 Contra Costa Rd., Oakland, CA 94618 (corresponding author). E-mail: drcwibbs@aol.com)
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 134, No. 7, July 2008, pp. 483-491, (doi 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2008)134:7(483))
Abstract: While various factors such as float ownership, logic change, and resource allocation (FLORA) affect results of delay analysis, existing delay analysis techniques tend to ignore most if not all of them. To address this insufficiency this paper proposes a new schedule analysis technique called FLORA that simultaneously captures the dynamics of float, logic, and resource allocation in its analyses. FLORA analyzes not only the direct impact of a delay but also its “secondary” effect. The analysis process follows ten rules that are flexible and customizable. A case study is employed to illustrate its application. FLORA yields different and more reasonable outcomes compared to the window analysis technique. Each single analysis may also yield different or even conflicting results. By properly dealing with the current issues of schedule analysis, FLORA can be more reliable. Practitioners may readily accept its analyses and outcomes because they are able to specify, modify, and consent to the rules for schedule analysis to fit into a specific context in advance. Researchers may further evaluate the impacts of different factors on delay responsibility or apply FLORA to real projects to assess its strengths, weaknesses, and potential improvements.
"
If anyone gets the paper, please share what they are talking about in more details. It would be interesting to know.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Fri, 2010-04-02 02:22
Applying an Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm-Based Multiobjective Approach for Time – Cost Trade-Off
by Ying Xiong, Ph.D. Candidate, (School of Economics and Mgmt., Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: xy72@yeah.net) and Yaping Kuang, (Instructor, School of Civ. Engrg. and Arch., Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou 310027, China; and, Ph.D. Candidate, School of Economics and Mgmt., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China.
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 134, No. 2, February 2008, pp. 153-156,
Abstract: The time.cost trade-off is one of the most crucial aspects of construction project planning, which in fact is a combinatorial optimization problem. This technical note employed an evolutionary algorithm — ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm to deal with the time – cost trade-off problems. Combining with the modified adaptive weight approach, the ACO algorithm can find out the optimal solutions, and define the Pareto front as well. The development of the ACO-based multiobjective approach in this technical note provides an attractive alternative to solving construction time – cost optimization.
"
So with the help of google, I think that the tool makers can find plenty of improved solution on the net.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Fri, 2010-04-02 02:14
Productivity Scheduling Method: Linear Schedule Analysis with Singularity Functions
Gunnar Lucko,1 A.M.ASCE
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Catholic Univ. of America, Washington, D.C.
This paper describes a new integrated method of linear schedule analysis using singularity functions. These functions have previously been used for structural analysis and are newly applied to scheduling. Linear schedules combine information on time and amount of work for each activity. A general model is presented with which activities and their buffers can be mathematically described in detail. The algorithm of the new method forms the body of the paper, including the steps of setting up initial equations, calculating pairwise differences between them, differentiating these to obtain the location of any minima, and deriving the final equations. The algorithm consolidates the linear schedule under consideration of all constraints and, thus, automatically generates the minimum overall project duration. The model distinguishes time and amount buffers, which bears implications for the definition and derivation of the critical path. Future research work will address float and resource analysis using the new model.
"
But all these solutions need funding to come up with some commercial new tool.
Time for the tool makers to invest in the future.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Fri, 2010-04-02 02:10
"Research on the fully fuzzy time-cost trade-off based on genetic algorithms "
Jin Chao-guang1, 2, Ji Zhuo-shang1, Lin Yan2, Zhao Yuan-min2 and Huang Zhen-dong2
(1) Ship CAD Engineering Center, Dalian University of Technology, 116025 Dalian, China
(2) Dalian Shipyard Co. Ltd., 116005 Dalian, China
Received: 21 June 2005
Abstract It is very difficult, to estimate exact values of time and cost of an activity in project scheduling process because many uncertain factors, such was weather, productivity level, human factors etc., dynamically, affect them during project implementation process. A GAs-based fully fuzzy optimal time-cost trade-off model is presented based on fuzzy sets and genetic algorithms (GAs). In tihs model all parameters and variables are characteristics by fuzzy numbers. And then GAs is adopted to search for the optimal solution to this model. The method solves the time-cost trade-off problems under an uncertain environment and is proved practicable through a giving example in ship building scheduling.
"
If anyone gets the complete paper, please offer to share what the details are.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Fri, 2010-04-02 01:55
Title: Integrated models for construction planning: object flow and relationship
Author(s): M. ALSHAWI, Z. HASSAN
Journal: Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management
Year: 1999
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 197 - 212
ISSN: 0969-9988
DOI: 10.1108/eb021112
Publisher: MCB UP Ltd
Abstract: Sharing and exchanging information between project participants are basic requirements for developing construction plans. An isolated construction planning knowledge-based system is no more useful and beneficial than any another ‘island of automation’ unless the integration with other construction applications are addressed. This paper proposes conceptual data and process models for a construction planning system, CONPLAN (Intelligent CONstruction PLANning), which works within a fully Integrated Construction Environment (ICE). An object oriented methodology (James Martin) has been used to establish generic construction models within which other construction applications can be integrated. This paper also introduces briefly the modularized approach that has been adopted to integrate the various construction applications over the project life cycle.
"
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Tue, 2010-03-30 08:52
if resources are limited, if there are financial restrictions, if logistics set restrictions on supplies and the schedule does not take this into account the schedule will be unrealistic.
The purpose of creating schedule model is to get help with decision making. If project manager can get the answers to the questions like what if we will use additional resources, what if we will get the loan, etc. using computer model then it is worth the efforts for its creation.
Resources are always limited. The client may ignore this but not the contractor.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Sat, 2010-03-20 16:39
Black Box is not knowing true float after resource leveling, even on a two activities schedule Primavera (all versions), Microsoft and Asta gives you the wrong answer.
Proposing not using resource leveling functionality on thousands of activities is kind of insane.
I agree with you with regard to any software that give you wrong float after resource leveling, better do it at the 1950s way, by hand as the 1960s is still wrong, and worst, is misleading.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Sat, 2010-03-20 16:19
Thank you for your kind explanation. I am using P6.7.
Why do you want to use resource leveling? Of course the software will produce outputs depending on its programming. And that is a black box only the mother company knows.
Keep it simple and control the Schedule. Let the computer do the number crunshing for the forward and backward pass. And with a systematic trial and error, you can achieve the contractual milestones, by changing the planned activities, resources and duration.
For complex project, follow systematic procedures, and tightly monitor the input and output.
The core of CPM is intact and is the same in all softwares. The add on is what is causing numerous degrees of difficulties for people to understand, use, and explain the results. And I am very much against that. The Schedule Model should be like any other system in Engineering. Unless you can predict exactly how the model is going to behave, then it is rejected. People are submitting programs of works and they can not explain the output. This is totally unacceptable.
I think maybe in the future I should get a copy of Spider and compare results. Maybe by beginning of next year or earlier.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 months
Member for24 years9 months
Submitted by Vladimir Liberzon on Sat, 2010-03-20 16:01
CPM schedules will be the same if the original data are the same and the software the same way interpret these data.
For an example, ALAP activity means different for MS Project and P6 (and Spider).
But everything changes if resources are restricted. CPM does not work anymore and the levelling results that are produced by different software are not the same.
We are proud thatSpider Project calculates the best (shortest) resource constrained schedules.
Please inform me about the software that you use and I will send you the examples.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Sat, 2010-03-20 16:00
For a start different software use different resource leveling algorithms, even in Spider Project you have the option of several algorithms, a truth not to shame not to hide, on the contrary to be openly exposed.
There is also another difference in computation of Early Start where this value is dragged to the right in most PDM computations but that can be modeled to be at the left under PDM computations, this is solved by P3 when you allow for activity splitting. I believe it can be better modeled under PDM without activity splitting and just to specify if drag to left or drag to right. The remaining is mathematical computations based on the different types of float. I would like it to be available not at the project level but at the activity level.
On the issue on continuous/discontinuous (non-split/split activities) the following article can serve as a start.
I fully agree on the resource dependencies. But I still do not agree that CPM scheduling changes from one software to another. The basics are the same, what changes you make to the choices in the input will make changes in the output.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Sat, 2010-03-20 11:56
If you still do not see the resource dependences you can add some milk by selecting Create Dependences. Thes will be shown in the Gantt diagram as dotted lines. Once again, remember these are dependences that can change as the schedule is updated and time demand for resources changes. These are not fixed and in any way will interfere with true resource leveling.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Thu, 2010-03-18 07:41
Can you please make it a 5 activity sample with start and finish milestone, and confirm that you are scheduling.
I am finding it very hard to accept that CPM is changing from one software to another. The basic programming must be the same. In my opinion, problems occur with the selection of option.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Tue, 2010-03-30 08:00
For a start I find it to be a paper directed to satisfy the ego of the author "compliant with RDCPM". The use of codes to identify relationships in CPM started with the development of the very first network, even activities do have codes or names, and there is nothing new.
It confirms my suspicion that Mr. Plotnick is biased towards Primavera Oracle as well as many other members of the PMI. It is not that the paper is wrong, is the way the issue is presented. Instead of filling his ego by certifying compliance with a specific procedure he should be working with Primavera to provide true Float values after resource leveling.
I believe Primavera Risk does not creates the resource links for you, you still got to manually enter them, it does not even calculates true float unless you figure it out yourself these relationships that can change whenever you update the network.
Can Primavera Risk provide you with the resource dependencies relationships and true float after resource leveling a 2 activities job, none linked to the other by predecessor/successor logic, both requiring the same resource of which only one is available? If the answer is no then what is the value of the certification?
Best regards,
Rafael
PS. Done, article to the garbage can.
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Wed, 2010-03-17 17:47
You can have a thousand activities delayed by resource constraining and none critical. That resource leveling delayed an activity does not means the activity became critical.
But just imagine my two activities schedule and adding a third activity not tied to any other, not requiring any resource and with 20 days duration. After resource leveling one of the remaining two activities will be delayed but none of these two will be critical, of course most software will still show wrong float for these activities.
In Powerproject if you have set up a resource leveling operation - which is very rarely in my case - on each reschedule a note comes up which tells you which of the levelled tasks have not been moved and have therefore affected the critical path.
Not as good as Spider I agree.
Best regards
Mike Testro
PS Im gonna kill that pesky Gene Kelly impersonator.
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Wed, 2010-03-17 15:40
As to keep it simple limit the schedule to 2 activities, a single resource and a single calendar, it still will be wrong. The wrong output from SureTrak was as per 2 activities, a single resource and a single calendar.
Another way to find out the computations are wrong is if some activities are missing is by filtering for critical activities and if you see a discontinuous path most probably the cheap software left some out because is calculating wrong float for resource critical tasks.
Meanwhile to make it easier I will look for a single activity sample job where the single activity is not critical, of course without setting a job finish constraint or any other dirty trick to bypass computations.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Wed, 2010-03-17 15:21
I will delay answering your question until I read the manuals. You can assign a Calender for each resource. There are so many options for each activity, and unless you understand the basic programming theory, I do not think I can answer the question correctly.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Wed, 2010-03-17 13:50
I believe in P6 you can schedle an activity without the use of steps, this is a functionality with other purposes, but I am not a P6 user.
If you have P6 you can try with the following monstruous 2 activities job.
Schedule a 2 activities network, not tied one to each other by precedence logic but sharing a limited resource.
For example:
Activity A – 5 days
Activity B - 5 days
Both activities claiming for Resource A of which only one is availble.
Most software under resource leveling will schedule A and B at different time, the first one depending on your priorities selection. This is ok up to this point, but the problem is most will show float of 5 days on the first activity while a delay in this activity will delay the completion of your schedule.
Imagine that you as a Project Manager look at the available float as per your CPM schedule and start paying attention to those shown as critical and even start moving resources from those showing some float as to keep under control those showing no float. Because most software under resource constrained schedule will show the wrong float for resource critical activities you most probably will end up moving resources precisely from the wrong activities. You either will discover too late it was wrong or start doubting about the CPM float display. Well better start doubting about the CPM float display and either buy a glass ball or software capable of showing resource critical float.
You got to know what is driving your schedule in order to take control.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Wed, 2010-03-17 11:46
Are you sure that Primavera is not calculating a resource critical path? Currently each activity has "Steps" into it. And each step can have so many weights associated with its completion and that surely affects the float on each activity.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 months
Member for24 years9 months
Submitted by Vladimir Liberzon on Wed, 2010-03-17 09:18
It is interesting that Russian joint venture of ICL (ICL-KPO) is one of our Russian distributors.
Rafael,
Spider Project calculates Resource Critical Path and true resource constrained floats since 1993 when it appeared on the market. In 1996 I had made presentations at IPMA Congress in Paris and PMI Conference in Boston speaking about Resource Critical Path and paying special attention to the wrong total floats calculated by known software packages when resources are constrained. Since then nothing had changed except the invention of Critical Chain (other name of Resource Critical Path).
There is a lot to write about resource constrained scheduling but I expect that Patrick decided to make very brief guide.
I believe that an author of this paper is PP member.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Wed, 2010-03-17 07:48
The evolution of scheduling has been a fascinating journey:
• Kelley and Walker set out to solve the time-cost conundrum and invented CPM. For most organizations the resolution of time-cost issues is still in the ‘too hard’ basket (although
SPIDER offers an interesting solution)!"
There is no mention as to the fact that few software, if any, other than Spider can provide you with true Float after resource constraining. This has been known for decades at the college level thesis but not at a practical software application until now.
Maybe the article was written before this functionality was available in Spider.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Tue, 2010-03-30 04:54
What I find amazing is that we continue to use the same thing without improving it. This is a unique natural thing it seems. Using the process for 50 years without improving it.
We know that 1+1=2 and we know that CPM is logical because you get to understand the small example. But once you get to multiplications on the order of thousands of activities, your calculator is the black box, and your refined management system to make sure that you input the data correctly.
I think that we have 50 years old engine on nice sport car now. All it take is a team of 10 people at MIT or at Vladimirs company for a year or two and we will have a new engine.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
19 years
Member for19 years
Submitted by mimoune djouallah on Tue, 2010-03-30 04:21
Once we start talking about "NP-hard problem" or any other mathematic theories, then it is not CPM. And you can not associate it with CPM because CPM is simple.
I agree with you that current softwares in the market have their own add one. But I also believe that CPM results for the same model must not change from one software to another. When you keep it simple, you can predict it. If you try to use the fancy options that the "user friendly" softwares is offering, and you have no idea about the mathematical formula that is governing the equations when you press the botton, then how would you be able, as a user/ responsible party, to expalin then and be responsbile for them.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Tue, 2010-03-30 03:10
I have completed all the courses graduate and undergraduate in Civil Engineering. Statics, Dynamics, Operation Research, linear and non-linear theories, and I have taken close to 1000 training hours in the past 3 years in different fields :).
Please note that I have also written a three dimensional finite element analysis program for Structural frames twenty years ago. But this is not what I did since then. I have been managing projects.
The last Internation software black box that I debugged 14 years ago took me 9 months and i found around 70 errors. Do not worry about my mathematical understanding of CPM, it is simple. But I do not have the time to get into it at the moment.
I think some common sense and an excel sheet is enough to manage up to $500M projects in my experience.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 months
Member for24 years9 months
Submitted by Vladimir Liberzon on Mon, 2010-03-29 23:12
CPM is very easy and different softwares will produce different results only when they uae different constraints (ALAP in P^ and Spider is not the same as ALAP in MS Project).
Spider Project includes resource constrained scheduling optimization algorithms that produce the solution that is close to optimal.
Besides it levels materials and costs.
This is much more complicated.
Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 months
Member for21 years8 months
Submitted by Rafael Davila on Mon, 2010-03-29 16:10
In general terms the tools can be called to be part of applied mathematics.
Look for the following applied mathematics terms; Operations Research and Applied System Analysis. Also look for the terms; algorithm, branch and bound, linear programming, non-linear programming, queuing, mathematical simulation and Monte Carlo Simulation.
Best Regards,
Rafael
Member for
19 years
Member for19 years
Submitted by mimoune djouallah on Mon, 2010-03-29 15:03
as i am on my rotation, i got some time to read about mathematics ;) from my understanding CPM algorithm is a very simple mathematic problems and there is no reasonable reason to have different output by different software. because there is only one solution to the problem (i suppose we use some calenders, resource are unlimited)
but once we start speaking about resource constraints, it become different stories as it become NP-hard problem.
Quintiq Advanced Planning & Scheduling software is unique in the sense that it comprises standard software creating an exact fit to the customer’s needs. The Quintiq advanced software is applicable for strategic, tactical and operational planning and real time event management needs. Unique are the large scale and multistage planning solutions that can be created with Quintiq, enabling it to provide integrated enterprise wide, multi-site and (logistic) supply chain solutions.
Advanced Planning & Scheduling Software Solutions that empower your competitive advantage by enabling you to solve the most complex planning and scheduling puzzles.
Employee Scheduling (Staff, Employees, Shifts and Personnel)
"
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 months
Member for24 years9 months
Submitted by Vladimir Liberzon on Sat, 2010-03-27 15:21
After months of planning and development, the PMI College of Scheduling hosted its first educational webinar series in July 2008. Entitled "Scheduling with the Masters," according to its own promotional material, this series "is dedicated to helping the scheduling professional handle the demanding workload of complex scheduling. Our speakers will feature insights and observations from a variety of perspectives to provide you with a unique view into work and resource planning, along with overall schedule creation and maintenance, designed to make you better at your job."
Is "Critical Path" Obsolete?
"
It has a 1 hour prestation as well.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Sat, 2010-03-27 07:43
The Construction Lawyer, Journal of the Forum on the Construction Industry, Volume 19, Number 4, 1999
Use of Critical Path Method on Contract Claims – 2000.
Jon m. Wickwire and Stuart Ockman.
Introduction:
“… failure of modern scheduling software to require the discipline and realism necessary to plan and schedule complex construction projects. Although most construction attorneys see only the final printouts and schedules, it is important to understand where the potential abuses lie and what must be done to uncover them”
They came to the same conclusion that has been reached here until now.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 months
Member for17 years3 months
Submitted by Samer Zawaydeh on Sat, 2010-03-27 05:31
I can tell you what I am doing, I ask for the simplest form of Program of Work that a Contractor can manage to his ability. The solution for a Program of Work is Contractor Dependent. Contractor submit the Program of Work and present their plan to complete the work. If they are committed to complete the Job No Schedule in necessary.
When Contractors give me 15 programs of works every month with 1000s of activities in each, it is very simple to debug and return with more speed than the printer that printed them, for the simple reason that they are full of errors and not based on correct planning.
Action will come when we get to send a letter to PP Admin to form a team and provide new standards. This seems how humans are improving their systems. They chat for a while and then form a task force, this task force creates a solution. Then, you either become a company, a education institute, etc.
It seems that we have PP members + Sponsors + Spider = New Industry Standards.
With kind regards,
Samer
PS. The equation proposed before is missing the Rafaels ingrident "Dynamic", stay tuned.
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
Let me read what you come across. It will be interesting.
Make sure that you read the artical in post 115.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
Thanks for the reference, is not available because it is a for profit article. Found the PhD Thesis available on the web. I will take a look at it latter as we just got awarded a new job. I also found on the web a presentation in Chinese or Vietnamese but the few English words got me interested.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
Now the Dynamics factor comes in. Not at the right time of Scheduling, but this is a start. With the help of google:
"
FLORA: New Forensic Schedule Analysis Technique
by Long D. Nguyen, Ph.D., (Constr. Consultant, Jax Kneppers Assoc., Inc., Walnut Creek, CA 94598. E-mail: long@jaxkneppers.com) and William Ibbs, (Prof. of Constr. Mgmt., Dept. of Civ. and Envir. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; presently, Pres., The Ibbs Consulting Group, Inc., 5932 Contra Costa Rd., Oakland, CA 94618 (corresponding author). E-mail: drcwibbs@aol.com)
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 134, No. 7, July 2008, pp. 483-491, (doi 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2008)134:7(483))
-----------------------------------------------------------
Document type: Journal Paper
Abstract: While various factors such as float ownership, logic change, and resource allocation (FLORA) affect results of delay analysis, existing delay analysis techniques tend to ignore most if not all of them. To address this insufficiency this paper proposes a new schedule analysis technique called FLORA that simultaneously captures the dynamics of float, logic, and resource allocation in its analyses. FLORA analyzes not only the direct impact of a delay but also its “secondary” effect. The analysis process follows ten rules that are flexible and customizable. A case study is employed to illustrate its application. FLORA yields different and more reasonable outcomes compared to the window analysis technique. Each single analysis may also yield different or even conflicting results. By properly dealing with the current issues of schedule analysis, FLORA can be more reliable. Practitioners may readily accept its analyses and outcomes because they are able to specify, modify, and consent to the rules for schedule analysis to fit into a specific context in advance. Researchers may further evaluate the impacts of different factors on delay responsibility or apply FLORA to real projects to assess its strengths, weaknesses, and potential improvements.
"
If anyone gets the paper, please share what they are talking about in more details. It would be interesting to know.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
The is another natural solution:
Applying an Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm-Based Multiobjective Approach for Time – Cost Trade-Off
by Ying Xiong, Ph.D. Candidate, (School of Economics and Mgmt., Beijing Jiaotong Univ., Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: xy72@yeah.net) and Yaping Kuang, (Instructor, School of Civ. Engrg. and Arch., Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou 310027, China; and, Ph.D. Candidate, School of Economics and Mgmt., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China.
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 134, No. 2, February 2008, pp. 153-156,
Abstract: The time.cost trade-off is one of the most crucial aspects of construction project planning, which in fact is a combinatorial optimization problem. This technical note employed an evolutionary algorithm — ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm to deal with the time – cost trade-off problems. Combining with the modified adaptive weight approach, the ACO algorithm can find out the optimal solutions, and define the Pareto front as well. The development of the ACO-based multiobjective approach in this technical note provides an attractive alternative to solving construction time – cost optimization.
"
So with the help of google, I think that the tool makers can find plenty of improved solution on the net.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi,
This might offer another solution as well:
"
Productivity Scheduling Method: Linear Schedule Analysis with Singularity Functions
Gunnar Lucko,1 A.M.ASCE
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Catholic Univ. of America, Washington, D.C.
This paper describes a new integrated method of linear schedule analysis using singularity functions. These functions have previously been used for structural analysis and are newly applied to scheduling. Linear schedules combine information on time and amount of work for each activity. A general model is presented with which activities and their buffers can be mathematically described in detail. The algorithm of the new method forms the body of the paper, including the steps of setting up initial equations, calculating pairwise differences between them, differentiating these to obtain the location of any minima, and deriving the final equations. The algorithm consolidates the linear schedule under consideration of all constraints and, thus, automatically generates the minimum overall project duration. The model distinguishes time and amount buffers, which bears implications for the definition and derivation of the critical path. Future research work will address float and resource analysis using the new model.
"
But all these solutions need funding to come up with some commercial new tool.
Time for the tool makers to invest in the future.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
I am a big fan of google.
"Research on the fully fuzzy time-cost trade-off based on genetic algorithms "
Jin Chao-guang1, 2, Ji Zhuo-shang1, Lin Yan2, Zhao Yuan-min2 and Huang Zhen-dong2
(1) Ship CAD Engineering Center, Dalian University of Technology, 116025 Dalian, China
(2) Dalian Shipyard Co. Ltd., 116005 Dalian, China
Received: 21 June 2005
Abstract It is very difficult, to estimate exact values of time and cost of an activity in project scheduling process because many uncertain factors, such was weather, productivity level, human factors etc., dynamically, affect them during project implementation process. A GAs-based fully fuzzy optimal time-cost trade-off model is presented based on fuzzy sets and genetic algorithms (GAs). In tihs model all parameters and variables are characteristics by fuzzy numbers. And then GAs is adopted to search for the optimal solution to this model. The method solves the time-cost trade-off problems under an uncertain environment and is proved practicable through a giving example in ship building scheduling.
"
If anyone gets the complete paper, please offer to share what the details are.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
This paper has a good title, and info, but not a clear conclusion. I am sure that some elements will be used in the new solution:
The time-cost trade-off analysis in construction project. www.tede.vgtu.lt/upload/ukis.../tede_vol15_no4_523-539_blaszczyk.pdf
If you do not get the link, cut and paste the title in google.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
This is common sense talking:
When is the Critical Path Not the Most Critical Path?
http://www.icoste.org/AACE2008 Papers/Toronto_ps07.pdf
I am sure that something good will come up, but it is taking time.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
This sounds interesting:
"
Title: Integrated models for construction planning: object flow and relationship
Author(s): M. ALSHAWI, Z. HASSAN
Journal: Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management
Year: 1999
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page: 197 - 212
ISSN: 0969-9988
DOI: 10.1108/eb021112
Publisher: MCB UP Ltd
Abstract: Sharing and exchanging information between project participants are basic requirements for developing construction plans. An isolated construction planning knowledge-based system is no more useful and beneficial than any another ‘island of automation’ unless the integration with other construction applications are addressed. This paper proposes conceptual data and process models for a construction planning system, CONPLAN (Intelligent CONstruction PLANning), which works within a fully Integrated Construction Environment (ICE). An object oriented methodology (James Martin) has been used to establish generic construction models within which other construction applications can be integrated. This paper also introduces briefly the modularized approach that has been adopted to integrate the various construction applications over the project life cycle.
"
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
Here is an article with a sensible conclusion:
A Critical Look At Critical Path Analysis
I’ve finished so I’ll start
A critical look at critical Path Analysis
John Bolton, Programmes Director, Parallel Project Training
http://blog.parallelprojecttraining.com/project-management-a...
Thanks to google of course.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Samer,
if resources are limited, if there are financial restrictions, if logistics set restrictions on supplies and the schedule does not take this into account the schedule will be unrealistic.
The purpose of creating schedule model is to get help with decision making. If project manager can get the answers to the questions like what if we will use additional resources, what if we will get the loan, etc. using computer model then it is worth the efforts for its creation.
Resources are always limited. The client may ignore this but not the contractor.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
Black Box is not knowing true float after resource leveling, even on a two activities schedule Primavera (all versions), Microsoft and Asta gives you the wrong answer.
Proposing not using resource leveling functionality on thousands of activities is kind of insane.
I agree with you with regard to any software that give you wrong float after resource leveling, better do it at the 1950s way, by hand as the 1960s is still wrong, and worst, is misleading.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Vladimir and Rafael,
Thank you for your kind explanation. I am using P6.7.
Why do you want to use resource leveling? Of course the software will produce outputs depending on its programming. And that is a black box only the mother company knows.
Keep it simple and control the Schedule. Let the computer do the number crunshing for the forward and backward pass. And with a systematic trial and error, you can achieve the contractual milestones, by changing the planned activities, resources and duration.
For complex project, follow systematic procedures, and tightly monitor the input and output.
The core of CPM is intact and is the same in all softwares. The add on is what is causing numerous degrees of difficulties for people to understand, use, and explain the results. And I am very much against that. The Schedule Model should be like any other system in Engineering. Unless you can predict exactly how the model is going to behave, then it is rejected. People are submitting programs of works and they can not explain the output. This is totally unacceptable.
I think maybe in the future I should get a copy of Spider and compare results. Maybe by beginning of next year or earlier.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Samer,
CPM schedules will be the same if the original data are the same and the software the same way interpret these data.
For an example, ALAP activity means different for MS Project and P6 (and Spider).
But everything changes if resources are restricted. CPM does not work anymore and the levelling results that are produced by different software are not the same.
We are proud thatSpider Project calculates the best (shortest) resource constrained schedules.
Please inform me about the software that you use and I will send you the examples.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
For a start different software use different resource leveling algorithms, even in Spider Project you have the option of several algorithms, a truth not to shame not to hide, on the contrary to be openly exposed.
There is also another difference in computation of Early Start where this value is dragged to the right in most PDM computations but that can be modeled to be at the left under PDM computations, this is solved by P3 when you allow for activity splitting. I believe it can be better modeled under PDM without activity splitting and just to specify if drag to left or drag to right. The remaining is mathematical computations based on the different types of float. I would like it to be available not at the project level but at the activity level.
On the issue on continuous/discontinuous (non-split/split activities) the following article can serve as a start.
http://www.pmicos.org/topics/aug2006tom.pdf
As Vladimir once said AOA and PDM are just different representations of the same.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
I fully agree on the resource dependencies. But I still do not agree that CPM scheduling changes from one software to another. The basics are the same, what changes you make to the choices in the input will make changes in the output.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
If you still do not see the resource dependences you can add some milk by selecting Create Dependences. Thes will be shown in the Gantt diagram as dotted lines. Once again, remember these are dependences that can change as the schedule is updated and time demand for resources changes. These are not fixed and in any way will interfere with true resource leveling.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
MILK TO THE OTHER SOFTWARE AS IN SPIDER PROJECT YOU GET TRUE FLOAT
AFTER RESOURCE LEVELING.
Member for
19 years 10 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Rafael
Did you know that the Gene Kelly clip should really be called - Singin in the Milk.
Plain water didnt show up on the film so they added milk to it.
The actual song was first performed back in 1926.
Best regards
Mike Testro
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
Can you please make it a 5 activity sample with start and finish milestone, and confirm that you are scheduling.
I am finding it very hard to accept that CPM is changing from one software to another. The basic programming must be the same. In my opinion, problems occur with the selection of option.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
The following is the full link as copy and paste of the posted did not work.
http://www.oracle.com/ocom/groups/public/@ocom/documents/webcontent/042…
For a start I find it to be a paper directed to satisfy the ego of the author "compliant with RDCPM". The use of codes to identify relationships in CPM started with the development of the very first network, even activities do have codes or names, and there is nothing new.
It confirms my suspicion that Mr. Plotnick is biased towards Primavera Oracle as well as many other members of the PMI. It is not that the paper is wrong, is the way the issue is presented. Instead of filling his ego by certifying compliance with a specific procedure he should be working with Primavera to provide true Float values after resource leveling.
I believe Primavera Risk does not creates the resource links for you, you still got to manually enter them, it does not even calculates true float unless you figure it out yourself these relationships that can change whenever you update the network.
Can Primavera Risk provide you with the resource dependencies relationships and true float after resource leveling a 2 activities job, none linked to the other by predecessor/successor logic, both requiring the same resource of which only one is available? If the answer is no then what is the value of the certification?
Best regards,
Rafael
PS. Done, article to the garbage can.
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Mike,
You can have a thousand activities delayed by resource constraining and none critical. That resource leveling delayed an activity does not means the activity became critical.
But just imagine my two activities schedule and adding a third activity not tied to any other, not requiring any resource and with 20 days duration. After resource leveling one of the remaining two activities will be delayed but none of these two will be critical, of course most software will still show wrong float for these activities.
Best regards,
Rafael
Vezi mai multe video din Muzica
PS. Mike if you have not seen the movie Green Zone you will find another impersonator of a PP member.
Member for
19 years 10 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Rafael
In Powerproject if you have set up a resource leveling operation - which is very rarely in my case - on each reschedule a note comes up which tells you which of the levelled tasks have not been moved and have therefore affected the critical path.
Not as good as Spider I agree.
Best regards
Mike Testro
PS Im gonna kill that pesky Gene Kelly impersonator.
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Sammer,
As to keep it simple limit the schedule to 2 activities, a single resource and a single calendar, it still will be wrong. The wrong output from SureTrak was as per 2 activities, a single resource and a single calendar.
Another way to find out the computations are wrong is if some activities are missing is by filtering for critical activities and if you see a discontinuous path most probably the cheap software left some out because is calculating wrong float for resource critical tasks.
Meanwhile to make it easier I will look for a single activity sample job where the single activity is not critical, of course without setting a job finish constraint or any other dirty trick to bypass computations.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
I will delay answering your question until I read the manuals. You can assign a Calender for each resource. There are so many options for each activity, and unless you understand the basic programming theory, I do not think I can answer the question correctly.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
The following illustrates how wrong the computations for float on a simple 2 activities job can be.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
I believe in P6 you can schedle an activity without the use of steps, this is a functionality with other purposes, but I am not a P6 user.
If you have P6 you can try with the following monstruous 2 activities job.
Schedule a 2 activities network, not tied one to each other by precedence logic but sharing a limited resource.
For example:
Activity A – 5 days
Activity B - 5 days
Both activities claiming for Resource A of which only one is availble.
Most software under resource leveling will schedule A and B at different time, the first one depending on your priorities selection. This is ok up to this point, but the problem is most will show float of 5 days on the first activity while a delay in this activity will delay the completion of your schedule.
Imagine that you as a Project Manager look at the available float as per your CPM schedule and start paying attention to those shown as critical and even start moving resources from those showing some float as to keep under control those showing no float. Because most software under resource constrained schedule will show the wrong float for resource critical activities you most probably will end up moving resources precisely from the wrong activities. You either will discover too late it was wrong or start doubting about the CPM float display. Well better start doubting about the CPM float display and either buy a glass ball or software capable of showing resource critical float.
You got to know what is driving your schedule in order to take control.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
Are you sure that Primavera is not calculating a resource critical path? Currently each activity has "Steps" into it. And each step can have so many weights associated with its completion and that surely affects the float on each activity.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Thank you, Samer,
the paper is interesting and I found it on another site http://www.mosaicprojects.com.au/PDF_Papers/P042_History%20of%20Schedui….
It is interesting that Russian joint venture of ICL (ICL-KPO) is one of our Russian distributors.
Rafael,
Spider Project calculates Resource Critical Path and true resource constrained floats since 1993 when it appeared on the market. In 1996 I had made presentations at IPMA Congress in Paris and PMI Conference in Boston speaking about Resource Critical Path and paying special attention to the wrong total floats calculated by known software packages when resources are constrained. Since then nothing had changed except the invention of Critical Chain (other name of Resource Critical Path).
There is a lot to write about resource constrained scheduling but I expect that Patrick decided to make very brief guide.
I believe that an author of this paper is PP member.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
http://www.pmforum.org/library/papers/2006/A_Brief_History_of_Schedulin…
- "Conclusions
The evolution of scheduling has been a fascinating journey:
• Kelley and Walker set out to solve the time-cost conundrum and invented CPM. For most organizations the resolution of time-cost issues is still in the ‘too hard’ basket (although
SPIDER offers an interesting solution)!"
There is no mention as to the fact that few software, if any, other than Spider can provide you with true Float after resource constraining. This has been known for decades at the college level thesis but not at a practical software application until now.
Maybe the article was written before this functionality was available in Spider.
Best regards,
Rafael
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi,
This is the recent evolution in CPM per google:
Using Relationship Diagrams to Enhance the Critical Path Method
www.oracle.com/ocom/groups/public/@ocom/documents/.../042744.pdf
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Anoon,
No Solitaire :) but I will update you in good time.
With best regards,
Samer
Member for
19 years 1 monthRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Samer,
Sorry, I cant, but if you are going to ask me about another "spider" - Spider Solitaire, then I would say that Im an expert.
Regards
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Mimoune,
What I find amazing is that we continue to use the same thing without improving it. This is a unique natural thing it seems. Using the process for 50 years without improving it.
We know that 1+1=2 and we know that CPM is logical because you get to understand the small example. But once you get to multiplications on the order of thousands of activities, your calculator is the black box, and your refined management system to make sure that you input the data correctly.
I think that we have 50 years old engine on nice sport car now. All it take is a team of 10 people at MIT or at Vladimirs company for a year or two and we will have a new engine.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
19 yearsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer that’s exactly what i have said before CPM is a simple method, and btw i don’t understand why ALAP is different from spider to ms project !
but CPM don’t take into account resource constraints, now different software have different output. and each package has a different approach
http://pmbook.ce.cmu.edu/10_Fundamental_Scheduling_Procedures.html#10.9 Scheduling with Resource Constraints and Precedences.
Samer , just to make it clear i am not pretending to have a clue about all this, i am just learning.
best regards
mimoune
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Mimoume and Vladimir,
Once we start talking about "NP-hard problem" or any other mathematic theories, then it is not CPM. And you can not associate it with CPM because CPM is simple.
I agree with you that current softwares in the market have their own add one. But I also believe that CPM results for the same model must not change from one software to another. When you keep it simple, you can predict it. If you try to use the fancy options that the "user friendly" softwares is offering, and you have no idea about the mathematical formula that is governing the equations when you press the botton, then how would you be able, as a user/ responsible party, to expalin then and be responsbile for them.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafael,
I have completed all the courses graduate and undergraduate in Civil Engineering. Statics, Dynamics, Operation Research, linear and non-linear theories, and I have taken close to 1000 training hours in the past 3 years in different fields :).
Please note that I have also written a three dimensional finite element analysis program for Structural frames twenty years ago. But this is not what I did since then. I have been managing projects.
The last Internation software black box that I debugged 14 years ago took me 9 months and i found around 70 errors. Do not worry about my mathematical understanding of CPM, it is simple. But I do not have the time to get into it at the moment.
I think some common sense and an excel sheet is enough to manage up to $500M projects in my experience.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Samer,
I never heard about Quintiq.
I will look at their site.
Mimoune described the problem correstly:
CPM is very easy and different softwares will produce different results only when they uae different constraints (ALAP in P^ and Spider is not the same as ALAP in MS Project).
Spider Project includes resource constrained scheduling optimization algorithms that produce the solution that is close to optimal.
Besides it levels materials and costs.
This is much more complicated.
Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
21 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Samer,
In general terms the tools can be called to be part of applied mathematics.
Look for the following applied mathematics terms; Operations Research and Applied System Analysis. Also look for the terms; algorithm, branch and bound, linear programming, non-linear programming, queuing, mathematical simulation and Monte Carlo Simulation.
Best Regards,
Rafael
Member for
19 yearsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
samer
as i am on my rotation, i got some time to read about mathematics ;) from my understanding CPM algorithm is a very simple mathematic problems and there is no reasonable reason to have different output by different software. because there is only one solution to the problem (i suppose we use some calenders, resource are unlimited)
but once we start speaking about resource constraints, it become different stories as it become NP-hard problem.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-hard
so actually each software use different heuristic algorithm, and different approach, thus different results.
it will be interesting to have a independent study to compare the robustness of each software package regarding scheduling under limited resources.
best regards
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi Vladimir,
Do you have any idea about what these guys are using:
http://www.quintiq.com/
"
Advanced Planning & Scheduling Software Solutions
Quintiq Advanced Planning & Scheduling software is unique in the sense that it comprises standard software creating an exact fit to the customer’s needs. The Quintiq advanced software is applicable for strategic, tactical and operational planning and real time event management needs. Unique are the large scale and multistage planning solutions that can be created with Quintiq, enabling it to provide integrated enterprise wide, multi-site and (logistic) supply chain solutions.
Advanced Planning & Scheduling Software Solutions that empower your competitive advantage by enabling you to solve the most complex planning and scheduling puzzles.
Employee Scheduling (Staff, Employees, Shifts and Personnel)
"
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
24 years 8 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Thank you, Mimoune,
I will look at this development.
I dont expect that genetic algorithms will be efficient for large projects but in any case it is interesting.
Best Regards,
Vladimir
Member for
19 yearsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
vladimir
for your reading pleasure, http://www.librcps.org/
it is used in kplato, an open source scheduling software
http://www.koffice.org/kplato/
best regards.
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi,
This is what the Masters think:
"
http://www.ics-global.com/IG-CPObsolete.html
July 30, 2008 - Cyberspace
After months of planning and development, the PMI College of Scheduling hosted its first educational webinar series in July 2008. Entitled "Scheduling with the Masters," according to its own promotional material, this series "is dedicated to helping the scheduling professional handle the demanding workload of complex scheduling. Our speakers will feature insights and observations from a variety of perspectives to provide you with a unique view into work and resource planning, along with overall schedule creation and maintenance, designed to make you better at your job."
Is "Critical Path" Obsolete?
"
It has a 1 hour prestation as well.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi,
Someone is doing something:
CPM Task Force
CPM Task Force. Mr. Seth Schulgen- CHAIRMAN. Williams Brothers Const. Co., Inc. sschulgen@wbctx.com. Mr. Brad Everett. J.D.
www.agctx.org/assets/files/taskforce/cpm.pdf
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
This is a good article to read. On page 5, it states that CPM came to existance in 27 months as a result of the need to manage a $90M project.
That means that any project over say $1Billion, can afford to hire the best and get a more comprehensive solution that everyone can adopt.
A Short History of Modern Project Management By Alan Stretton
www.pmforum.org/library/second-edition/.../Stretton-10-07.pdf - Similar
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi PP,
A publication from a good source:
Wickwire, Hurlbut, and Lerman, Use of Critical Path. Method Techniques in Contract Claims: Issues and. Developments 1974 to 1988,
www1.fidic.org/resources/contracts/icc_oct05/wickwire_icc05.pdf
The Construction Lawyer, Journal of the Forum on the Construction Industry, Volume 19, Number 4, 1999
Use of Critical Path Method on Contract Claims – 2000.
Jon m. Wickwire and Stuart Ockman.
Introduction:
“… failure of modern scheduling software to require the discipline and realism necessary to plan and schedule complex construction projects. Although most construction attorneys see only the final printouts and schedules, it is important to understand where the potential abuses lie and what must be done to uncover them”
They came to the same conclusion that has been reached here until now.
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Hi,
This is a good summary, and good advice.
Journal of Construction Education Copyright 1997 by the Associated Schools of Construction
Fall 1997, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 222-230 1522-8150/97/$3.00/General Manuscript
Construction Scheduling Specifications
Stephen J. Krone
Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, Ohio
www.ascjournal.ascweb.org/.../Fall%201997,%20Vol.%202,%20No.%203,%20pp…
With kind regards,
Samer
Member for
17 years 3 monthsRE: A brief history of Scheduling
Dear Rafeal,
I can tell you what I am doing, I ask for the simplest form of Program of Work that a Contractor can manage to his ability. The solution for a Program of Work is Contractor Dependent. Contractor submit the Program of Work and present their plan to complete the work. If they are committed to complete the Job No Schedule in necessary.
When Contractors give me 15 programs of works every month with 1000s of activities in each, it is very simple to debug and return with more speed than the printer that printed them, for the simple reason that they are full of errors and not based on correct planning.
Action will come when we get to send a letter to PP Admin to form a team and provide new standards. This seems how humans are improving their systems. They chat for a while and then form a task force, this task force creates a solution. Then, you either become a company, a education institute, etc.
It seems that we have PP members + Sponsors + Spider = New Industry Standards.
With kind regards,
Samer
PS. The equation proposed before is missing the Rafaels ingrident "Dynamic", stay tuned.